Oil burning apparatus



March 1,'1932. Hop-MANN ou BURNING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May l. 1929 KN .NM/ NN Aw +I vw N P f A, 4/

March 1, 1932. G, Hor-'MANN OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed May l, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 atented Mar. 1, 1932 PATENT OFFICE GEORGE HOFMANN, OF LYONS, ILLINOIS OIL BURNING APPARATUS Application led May 1, 1929. Serial No. 359.611.

My invention relates more particularly to the means for supplying to the oil burner structure, combustion-supporting air under pressure. l

One of my objects is to provide for accurately regulating the flow of air to the burner.

Another object is to provide for such flow of oil to the burner that a uniform mixture of air and oil, will be produced.

Another object is to provide for the How of air to the burner in a predetermined path as distinguished from the course taken by the air when discharged, by a blower through a-iconduit in accordance with common pracl5 tice. I

Another object is to provide for the flow of air to the burner structure where it becomes mixed with the fuel in a stream of less cross sectional area than the area of the con- .20 duit and so related to the burner structure that air, at least to an objectionable amount in excess of that for mixture with the oil,

will not enter the combustion chamber with resultant objectionable cooling of the contents of the combustion chamber.

Another object is to provide for such controlling of the air in passing to the burner structure that greater efficiency will result than in the case of structures as hitherto provided; and other objects as will be manifest from the following description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, with certain parts sectioned, of a furnace equipped with oil-burning apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a view in longitudinal sectional elevation of the burner apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a section taken at the line 3 3 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrows.

. Figure 4C is an enlarged section taken at l the irregular line 4 4 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 5 is an enlarged full sectional View in elevation of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. 2. v

Figure 6 isa section taken at the line 6-6 on Fig. 5 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.

Figure 7 is an enlarged section taken at the line 7-7 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 8 is an enlarged plan section showing certain of the deflector devices forming a part of the apparatus. .v

Figure 9 is a section taken at the line 9-9 on Fig. 8 and viewed in the-direction of the 60 arrows. `f`

Figure 10 is an enlarged view like Fig. 8 of one of the deflector devices Shown therein; and

Figure 11, a view like Fig. 6 of a modicaf 65 tion -of the air-controlling device therein shown.

In the drawings I have illustrated my improved burner apparatus as incorporated in a furnace represented at 10, the combustion chamber thereof containing a combustion mixture deflector member 11 of the general construction shown in my application for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 162,066, filed January 19, 1927, (United States Letters Patent No. 1,727,598, granted September 10, 1929,) and comprising a depending in portion 12 which extends in line with my improved burner apparatus which opens into the interior of the furnace through an opening 13 whereby the ignited combustion mixture issuing from the burner apparatus is caused to be deiiected laterally in opposite directions by the fin portion generally as described in the above-referred-to patent, the deiector member 11 being of hol- `low form, the space therein being connected with an'inlet pipe 14 for'water and an outlet pipe 14', which latter in the case of a hot water boiler or steam boiler would preferably communicate with the main water flues. The burner apparatus shown comprises a burner head represented at 15 and shown as of., a common form, lthe oil to be burned being' conveyed through a pipe 16 to the outlet por- 95 tion 17 of the burner head which latter is l preferably locatedsubstantially flush with the inner surface of the wall surrounding the' inlet 13, the head being shown as formedygith an annular series of curved vanes 18.

The burner apparatus also comprises airforcing means represented generally at 19 which may be of any suitable construction, as for example a blower the outlet 20 of which connects with one end of a pipe 21 which extends into the wall of the furnace 1() and forms the inlet 13, the burner head being concentrically disposed in the pipe 21 as shown. The pipe 16 is represented as exm tending centrally through the pipe 21 throughout substantially one-half the length of the pipe 21, the remaining portion of the pipe 16, which is connected with the other*V portion thereof bly a short pipe section 22, 15 passing through t e wall of the pipe 21, ex-

tending exteriorly of the pipe 21.

It will be understood from the foregoing that the oil to be consumed by the burner apparatus passes throu h the pipe 16 and out 20 through the head 15 and combustion supporting air is forced by the blower means 19 through the pipe 21 from which it discharges through the vane-equipped portion of the heiad 15 and becomes commingled with the 01 i Referring to the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 10, inclusive, the pipe 21, forming an air-conduit, is provided, preferably adjacent the air-forcing means 19, with air-ow controlling means representedA generally at 23 and which also preferably serve to cause :the air passing therethrough to be distributed substantially uniformly about the interior of the conduit, these means comprising a partition-forming disk 24 located in the conduit 21 and containing segment-shaped radiallydis osed openings 25 therethrouglisubstantia ly uniformly spaced over the entire area of this disk, the disk 24 being provided with a. centrally disposed spindle 26 on which a shutter device in the form of a disk 27 is pivoted. The disk 27 contains openings 28 therethrough preferably of the same size and shape and positioned as in the case of the openings25, whereby when the disk 27 occupies one position of angular adjustment about the spindle 26 the openings 28 therein will be in registration, respectively, with the openings 25 in the disk 24, thereby permitting the air, under pressure, to flow through these disks in a plurality of streams substantially equidistantly spaced from each other around the longitudinal axis ofthe conduit 21.

The disk 27 may be rotatably adjusted from the position just referred to into a position in which it entirely, or only partially, closes the openings 25 thus providing for accurate regulation of the volume of air discharging through the disk 24,' and as a convenient means for adj-usting the disk 27 I have proyided the latter with a radial stem 29 projecting upwardly' through a slot 30 in the wall of the conduit 21.

Located beyond the air-controlling device 23 is a defiector 31 provided' for the purpose form of a hollow stream of annulus form in cross section.

The deflector 31 which is located centrally .in the conduit 21 and in spaced relation to thel side wall of the latter as shown, is of general cylindrical form at its mid ortion. The end 31a of lthe delector 31 is o substantially conical form as shown, and' while the opposite end 31b is also shown as of this shape, this is not necessary.

The deflector 31 is shown as supported in the conduit 21 by radial lugs 32 thereon on which the deflector 31 rests within the conduit 21 in the spaced relation thereto above referred to, the forward portion of the pipe 16 being located within the deflector 31 which preferably is hollow and the pipe portion 22 extending through a side of this member.

The conduit 21 is shown as formed with a removable top section 33'which permits of the ready assembling of the deflector 31 with the conduit 21.

Located between the deflector 31 and the burner-head 15 are means for controllably direct-ing the air to the 'burner head, it having been found in practice that much greater eiliciency of the burner may be effected by regulating the size of the stream of air flowing to the burnerhead or the position of the stream relative to the side wall of the conduit 21, or a combination thereof, depending upon the particular condition presented by the burner, as distinguished from structures in which the air is blown through a conduit to the burner-head without regard to the character of stream roduced and its relationship to the wall o? the conduit through which it passes and to the burner-head.

The particular illustrated means for this purpose comprise deilector members 34 and 35 shown as of general arc shape and located at opposite sides of the conduit 21, these deflectors being hingedly connected at their forward edges to the wall of the conduit 21 as by removable headed pins 36 and 37, respectively. These dellectors are thus adapted for adjustment toward and away from each other and as means for so adjusting them and holding them in adjusted position each is shown as provided with a socket-member 38 pivoted thereto at 39 and into which the inner threaded end of a rnd 40 reciprocable in an opening 21'l in the conduit 21, is screwed. The wall of theconduit 21, adjacent thearods 40, is provided with hollow blocks 41' which contain spring-pressed plungers 42 adapted to cooperate at their outer ends with notches 40*L in the rods 40, as shown.

As the area of passage through the disk 24 is much less than the area of the disk, it will be desirable under certain conditions that the disk be of such size that the area of passage therethrough approximate the cross-sectional area of the conduit 21 beyond it. This is providedI for in the arrangement shown wherein, it will be noted, the'conduit 21 at the portion thereof in which the disk and shutter are located, is expanded as represented at 21".

Referring to Fig. 11, the construction therein shown constitutes a modification of the air-controlling means 23 of the preceding figures and is of the same construction as the means 23 except that instead of providing openings in the disk and shutter of segment shape and of large size, they are smaller and are shown as round as indicated at 43 of the shutter shown at 44 and corresponding with the shutter 27 of the device 23.

While I have illustrated and described certain particular constructions embodying my invention, I do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it thereto as the same may be further variously modified and altered wit-hout departing from the spirit of my invention. c

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: l

l. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said airforcingmeans for supplyingair to said burner structure and means in said conduit forcausing the air in its passage to said. burner structure to be distributed substantially equally about the 4interior of said conduit.-

2. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, and a partition in said conduitpand containing openings therethrough arranged to cause the air passing through the partition to be sub- 4. In oil-burning apparatus, the combnation of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, means in said conduit for causing the airin its passage to said burner structure to be distributed substantially equally about the interior of said conduit, and means for regulating said last-namedme'ans to control the volume of air supplied to saidburner structure.

5. In oil-burning apparatus, the combinafor supplying air to said burner structure, a partition in said conduit and containing openings therethrough arranged to cause the a1r passing through the partition to be substantially equally distributed about the i11- terior ofsaid conduit, and means for controlling the flow of air through said openings.

6. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, a partition in said conduit and containing openings therethrough arranged to cause the air passing through the partition to be substantially equally distributed about the interior of said conduit, and a rotatable perforated shutter controlling the openings in said partition.

plying oil thereto. air-forcing means, a con- .duit communicatingwith said air-forcing means forsupplying. air to said burner structure, a partition in said conduit and containing. openings therethrough arranged to cause the a'ir passing through the partition to be substantially equallv distributed about the interior of said conduit, and a substantiallycone Shaped deflector in said conduit located b etween said partition and said burner structure with its apex facing in lthe direction of said air-forcing means Jfor directing the air toward, and substantially uniformly around, the inner surface of said conduit.

8. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplycommunicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, a partitionin said'conduit and containing openings therethrough arranged to cause the air passing through the partition to be substantially equally distributed about the. in-

7. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for suplng oil thereto, air-forcing means. a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means A terior of said conduit, a substantially cone 9. In oil-burning apparatus, the combinan tion of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means. a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air tov said burner structure,

a delector located in said conduit in spaced relation to the side wall of the latter and of general conical form with its apex portion extendin into the path of the air flowing in said con uit, and means disposed in the path of air flow between said delector and burner structure for directing the air toward the longitudinal axis of said conduit.

10. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, a defiector located in said conduit in spaced relation to the side wall of the latter and of general conical form with its apex portion extending into the path vof the air owing in said conduit, means in said conduit for re ulating the volume of air flowing to said deector, and means disposed in the ath of air flow between said deiector and urner structure for directing the air toward the longitudinal axis of said conduit.

11. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for suplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conuit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, a deector in said conduit for causing the air in its passage to said burner structure to be distributed substantially equally about the interior of said conduit, and means in said conduit for causing the air in its passage to said delector to be distributed substantially equally about the interior of said conduit.

12. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, a dexfiector in said conduit for causing the air in its passage to said burner structure to be distributed substantially equally about the interior of said conduit, and means in said conduit for causing the air in its passage to said deector to be distributed substantially equally about the interior of said conduit controllable for vre ulating the volume of air flowing -to said deector.

13. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for suplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conuit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure and means disposed in the path of movement of the air to said burner for causing the .air to pass to said'burner structure in a stream of less cross sectional area than the cross sectional area of said conduit, said last-named means being adjustable to Var the positon of said stream relative to the si e wall of said conduit.

14. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conuit communicating with said air-forcing means for suppl ing air to said burner structure and 'means isposed in the path of movement of the air to said burner for causing the air to pass to said burner structure in a stream of less cross sectional area than the cross sectional area of said conduit, said last-named means being adjustable to Vary the size of said stream.

15. In oil-burningapparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying loil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure and means disposed in the path of movement of the air to said burner for causing the air to pass to said burner structure in a stream of less cross sectional area than the cross sectional area of said conduit, said last-named means being adjustable to vary the size of said stream and its position relative to the side wall of said conduit.

16. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure and air-flow-controlling means in said conduit between said burner-structure and air-forcing means comprising a partition containing radially disposed openings and a shutter device for controlling said openings.

17. In. oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supply- 100 ing oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit 'communicating with said air-forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure and air-ow-controlling means in said conduit betweensaid burner-structure and air- 105 forcing means comprising a partition containing radially disposed openings of segment shape and a shutter device for controlling said openings.

18. In oil-burning apparatus, the combin nationof a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air-forcing means for sup lying air to said burner structure and airow-controlling means in said n" conduit between said burner-structure and air-forcing means comprising a artition containing openings grouped a-roun the axis of said partition certain thereof extending adjacent the eri hery of said partition and 120 .others thereo adjacent said axis and a shutter device for controlling said openings.

19. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner structure, a conduit about the same, air-forcing means communicating 125 with the conduit, a deiiector within the conduit between the air-forcing means and burner, said deflector providing an annular and unrestricted air passage between the same and conduit, and air distributing means lo- 130 cated in the conduit between the air-forcing means and said deiector.

20. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air forcing means for supplying air to-said burner strucf ture, and an imperforate deiector located in said conduit in spaced relation to the side wall of the latter and of general conical form with its apex portion extending into the path of the air flowing in said conduit, the portion of said conduit in which said deflector is located being substantially straight.

21. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of a burner-structure, means for supy plying oil thereto, air-forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air forcing means for supplyin air to said burner structure, and an imper orate deflector located in said conduit in spaced relation to the side wall of the latter and of general conical form with its apex portion extending into the path of the air flowing in said conduit, the portion of said conduit from the point at which the apex portion of said deflector is located to said burner structure being substantially straight.

22. In oil-burning apparatus, the combination of aburner structure, a conduit about the same, air-forcing means communicating with the conduit, a deflector within the conduit between the air-forcing means and burner, said deilector providing an annular and unrestricted air passage between the same and conduit, said conduit having an enlargement between said air forcing means and said deilector, and lair distributing means located in said enlar ement.

23. In oilurning apparatus, the combination of a burner structure, means for supplying oil thereto, air forcing means, a conduit communicating with said air forcing means for supplying air to said burner structure, said con uit having an enlargement be-` tween said air forcing means and said deflector, and a partition 1n said enlargement and containing openingstherethroughV arranged to cause the air passing through the partitlon to be substantially equally distributed about the interior of said conduit.

` GEORGE HOFMANN. 

